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[5]Complex CarbsComplex carbs (polysaccharides or oligosaccharides)
have three or more sugar molecules. Compared to simple carbs, complex carbs are more slowly absorbed into your bloodstream. Examples of complex carbs include:PotatoesCornParsnips and starchier veggiesLegumes and beans like chickpeas and
kidney beansWhole grains like bread, breakfast cereal, rice, and quinoaWhat About Low-Carb Grains?Some keto professionals and advocates believe grains, in general, aren’t suitable for a ketogenic diet. In contrast, others say it depends on the grain, how often you eat it, and the person. People who are more fat-adapted may be able to remain in ketosis while consuming some grains. Fat adaptation means your body is metabolically equipped to handle digesting fat instead of carbs and smoothly switching between the two fuels. You
need to assess the net carb count of low-carb grains instead of the total grams of carbs to determine whether you should include low-carb grains in your diet. In smaller amounts, you might be able to have some lower-carb grains and stay in ketosis. Since fiber doesn’t affect your blood sugar levels, you want to go for grains that have some fiber and are lower in carbs. For example:BulgurBulgur is a cereal grain typically derived from cracked wheat berries and used in
dishes like tabbouleh and porridge. 1 cup (182 grams) of cooked bulgur has 25.
It fuels the work that cells need to do. While glucose is a simple sugar, it is still a relatively large molecule, therefore it needs certain transporters in order to allow it to enter a cell. These are known as GLUTs (glucose transporters). [2] Contrary to popular belief, not all cells require insulin in order to transport glucose inside of a cell. Some organs and tissues are insulin-independent, meaning insulin is not required, whereas others are insulin-dependent, meaning they require insulin. [3] GLUT 4 transporters are located on skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and the heart and do require insulin. In order for glucose to be transported into these cells, insulin must bind to insulin receptors and signal for this process to occur. Insulin is produced by beta cells in the pancreas in response to high blood glucose levels. Once it is released, it binds to insulin receptors and triggers a response to allow glucose to be transported into the cell. [4]GLUT 1 Insulin independentBloodBlood-brain-barrierHeart (partially) GLUT 2Insulin-independentLiverPancreasSmall IntestineGLUT 3Insulin-independentBrain NeuronsSpermGLUT 4Insulin-dependentSkeletal MuscleAdipose tissue (fat)HeartDysfunctions in Glucose RegulationGlucose regulation can become dysfunctional at many different steps. If insulin is not produced sufficiently, glucose is unable to enter insulin-dependent cells and these cells can starve.